Iindlela zovavanyo eziqhelekileyo zomatshini wokuvavanya i-hongjin tensile

Kumzi mveliso wanamhlanje, oomatshini bovavanyo bezinto eziphathekayo basetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwi-mechatronics, ishishini lomkhosi, ulwakhiwo, kunye namanqaku, iimoto, ukwakha iinqanawa kunye ne-aerospace.Ngophuculo oluqhubekayo lwetekhnoloji yokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo, ngakumbi nangaphezulu
Umatshini wokuvavanya izinto eziphathekayo kunye nokusebenza kwemali, ongasetyenziselwa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo kwaye unokutshintshwa kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo.Ukusetyenziswa kwenzululwazi kunye nengqiqo yomshini wokuvavanya izinto eziphathekayo kunokufikelela ekunciphiseni iindleko, ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo, ukuphuculwa komgangatho wemveliso, izinto eziphathekayo
Ukugcinwa kwezinto kunye noyilo lwezakhiwo zobunjineli kubaluleke kakhulu kumashishini anamhlanje.

1. Indlela yokukhetha umatshini wokuvavanya

Ekukhetheni umatshini wokuvavanya i-tensile
Ekuqaleni, umgangatho wovavanyo kunye neempawu zeprojekthi kufuneka zisetyenziswe njengesiseko sokhetho.I-arhente yokuhlola umgangatho wokwakha ubunjineli kufuneka isebenzise iprojekthi yovavanyo lovavanyo njengesiseko sereferensi, kwaye kufuneka kwakhona ithathele ingqalelo umlinganiselo woluhlu oluhambelanayo.
Ukuba ufuna ukukhetha umatshini wokuvavanya uxinzelelo kwibhloko yovavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwekhonkrithi, kuya kufuneka ukhethe umatshini wokuvavanya ukuvavanya amandla okuqina kwentsimbi yentsimbi, kufuneka ukhethe umatshini wokuvavanya ukugoba ukuvavanya ukukwazi ukwaphuka kwentsimbi. ithayile phantsi.
Ukuba ufuna ukuvavanya umxholo ongaphezulu kunye nezinto, kuya kufuneka ukhethe umatshini wokuvavanya ukuqina onemisebenzi emininzi.Umzekelo, kuya kufuneka usebenzise umatshini wovavanyo wendalo yonke wokuvavanya ukuguquguquka, ukucinezela, kunye novavanyo lokuqina.

Okwesibini, kuyimfuneko ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo inkqubo yokuhanjiswa kwexabiso lamandla afanelekileyo.Ukuba ayihambelani nesikhundla sofakelo kunye nohlobo lwamandla e-dynamometer, okanye iinkcukacha zomatshini wokuvavanya i-tensile ekhethiweyo ayihambelani nemigangatho yelizwe elichaphazelekayo, umatshini wokuvavanya i-tensile usetyenziswa.Kuya kubakho iqondo elithile lobunzima ekuqinisekiseni i-metrological, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukuqonda inkqubo yokuhanjiswa kwexabiso lamandla afanelekileyo.

Okokugqibela, kuyimfuneko ukuqonda indlela yamandla ovavanyo lomatshini wokuvavanya.Njengesixhobo sedosi, umatshini wokuvavanya i-tensile kufuneka uhlangabezane nemigangatho yesizwe efanelekileyo.Kwangaxeshanye, abasebenzi kufuneka baqonde indlela yamandla okulungisa ingxaki.
Emva kokufunda omnye komnye kunye nendlela yamandla eyaziswa ngumenzi ukubamba indlela yamandla yomatshini wokulinga ofanelekileyo.Ngamafutshane, xa ukhetha umatshini wokuvavanya i-tensile, kuya kufuneka uqonde indlela yawo yokuguqula amandla kunye nendlela yokwamkelwa kokuqinisekisa phambi kokuba isivumelwano senziwe.

2 Iimfuno zovavanyo zoomatshini bovavanyo bezinto eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswayo

2.1 Iimfuno zeqondo lobushushu kunye nokufuma

Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, umatshini wokuvavanya izinto kufuneka usebenze kwindawo yokushisa kwegumbi 10-35 ℃, ngelixa uqinisekisa ukuba umswakama ohambelanayo awukho mkhulu kune-80% kwaye utshintsho lweqondo lokushisa alukho ngaphezu kwe-2 ℃ / h.

2.2 Iimfuno zezixhobo zokukhusela ukhuseleko

Uyilo lombane lomatshini wokuvavanya i-tensile kufuneka luqinisekise ukuba akukho nto yokuvuza kwaye ineendlela ezahlukeneyo ezikhuselekileyo nezithembekileyo.Kwangaxeshanye, umatshini wokuvavanya i-tensile kunye nezixhobo zokhuseleko ezinobuthathaka kunye nezithembekileyo kufuneka zikhethwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba unokutshintsha komda wokuphendula ngokukhawuleza.
Nje ukuba ii-chucks ezihambayo eziphezulu kunye nezisezantsi zivele kwindawo elinganiselweyo, okanye amandla okuvavanya agqithise amandla okuvavanya aphezulu, isixhobo sofakelo kufuneka siphendule ngokukhawuleza ukufezekisa ukuvala ngokuzenzekelayo.

2.3 Iimfuno zenqanaba lofakelo

Kufuneka isekelwe kwisiseko esizinzileyo somatshini wokuzibamba
Ukufakela, ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wofakelo awudluli kwi-2mm / m.Kwangaxeshanye, kuyafuneka ukuba ugcine isithuba esingekho ngaphantsi kwe-0.7 cm kufutshane nomatshini wokuvavanya i-tensile, kwaye akufuneki kubekho ukuphazamiseka okuqinileyo kwentsimi ye-electromagnetic kwaye kungabikho kungcangcazela.
Sebenza kwindawo ekusetyenzwa kuyo enezixhobo eziguquguqukayo, ezomileyo, ezicocekileyo nezingangcolisiyo, kwaye ulawule amandla ombane ombane ngaphakathi kwe-±10% yombane olinganisiweyo.

2.4 Iimfuno ezinxulumeneyo zenkqubo yovavanyo

Umsebenzi wokulungiswa kwenqaku le-zero yenkqubo yokuvavanya amandla omatshini wokuvavanya izinto kunye nomsebenzi we-zeroing okanye i-zeroing kufuneka isetyenziswe.Xa amandla okuvavanya alinganiswa, indawo ye-zero kufuneka iboniswe, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo, umsebenzi ngamnye wokugcina i-peak kufuneka wenziwe.
Ngexesha lokulinganisa i-deformation, umsebenzi wokuchonga isalathiso samandla e-deformation, ubuninzi bomsebenzi wokugcina ixabiso le-deformation kunye nomsebenzi wohlengahlengiso lwe-zero kufuneka unikezwe.Xa ukucofa okuhlukeneyo komkhosi wokuvavanya kutshintshiwe, umatshini wokuvavanya kufuneka ucinywe.

2.5 inkqubo yokutshisa emva kokutshisa

Uxinzelelo olusetyenziswe kwipatheni kufuneka luboniswe nangaliphi na ixesha kwaye ngokuqhubekayo kwinkqubo yokulinganisa amandla omatshini wokuvavanya izinto.Isalathiso samandla kufuneka siqhubeke, sizinze kwaye singashukumi xa amandla ovavanyo esusiwe okanye esetyenziswa.
Isenzeko sempembelelo, ukuphepha ukutsiba okungaqhelekanga kunye nokuma.Ixabiso eliphezulu lamandla ovavanyo ngaphambi kokuba isampulu yaphulwe okanye isuswe kufuneka igcinwe ngokuchanekileyo okanye iyalelwe ukuthintela ukuvuza kweoyile kunye nokuvuza kweoyile kulwelo kumatshini wokuvavanya amandla.
Kwinkqubo yokongeza ngokuqhubekayo amandla ovavanyo kumatshini wovavanyo loxinzelelo, umatshini wovavanyo we-tensile kufuneka ungabonisi isenzeko se-jitter okanye ukumiswa kokusebenza kwesalathisi.Ukuqinisekisa ukuba inaliti esebenzayo kunye nenaliti eqhutywayo inesimo esidibanayo, ububanzi bencam yesalathi kufuneka busondele.
Ububanzi bomgca oqingqiweyo, isalathisi kufuneka kwakhona silinganiswe kunye netafile yokudayela.Ngethuba lenkqubo yokuphakamisa, kuyimfuneko ukukhusela nayiphi na into ephazamisayo ye-pendulum ye-Zhuang force.Xa amandla ovavanyo ehla ngokukhawuleza, isithinteli kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba i-pendulum inokubuya egudileyo
Buyela, ukwenzela ukuba ukubuyisela kwi-zero yesalathisi akuchaphazeleki.

3. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokuvavanya umatshini wokuvavanya kunye neendlela zokusombulula ingxaki

3.1 Indlela yamandla okubona

(1) Qwalasela amanqanaba elongitudinal kunye necala elisecaleni lomzimba oyintloko: amanqanaba exesha elide kunye necala lesakhiwo sokulinganisa amandla omatshini wokuvavanya kufuneka ahlolwe ukuze ahambelane nemigangatho efanelekileyo kunye nemimiselo;

(2)
Uhlengahlengiso lwe-Zero lwexabiso lamandla e-tensile: phakathi kokuphunyezwa kokuqinisekisa, imeko yokuqala yomatshini wokuvavanya i-tensile kufuneka imiselwe ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye la manyathelo alandelayo anokuthathwa ukwenza uhlengahlengiso lwe-zero kumatshini wovavanyo lwe-hydraulic: ① i ukusetyenziswa kwethallium elungeleleneyo kwisando
Yenza uhlengahlengiso lwe-zero kurhulumente;② Sebenzisa intonga yokuzenzisa ukwenza uhlengahlengiso lwe-zero xa ufaka isando esingu-C;③ Sebenzisa ibhalansi ye-thallium ukwenza uhlengahlengiso lwe-zero xa ususa isando se-C;④ Phinda usebenze izihlandlo ezithathu ukuya kwezine usebenzisa la manyathelo mathathu angasentla de i-B isando iyalayisha
De inqaku elingu-zero lihlale lingatshintshi;

(3) Khangela imida yokuhamba ephezulu kunye nesezantsi: misela imida yokuhamba ephezulu kunye nesezantsi ngokusekelwe kuluhlu oluqinisekisiweyo kunye nemimiselo yelizwe efanelekileyo yezixhobo zokukhusela ukhuseleko;

(4) Khangela isithinteli: kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba isithinteli sinokunyuswa ngokuqhelekileyo, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, isenzeko sokuwa kufuneka siphetshwe;

(5) Jonga ixabiso lomatshini wovavanyo lwe-tensile: ① Jonga ukuba isiqinisekiso se-dynamometer siyasebenza na;② Faka i-dynamometer ukuyigcina ikwimeko yokusebenza;③ Sebenzisa indlela eqhelekileyo yolungelelwaniso lwe-zero ye-dynamometer kunye nomatshini wokuvavanya we-Tensile ukuze uqhutywe;④ Emva komthwalo opheleleyo, cinezela kwangaphambili kathathu kwi-dynamometer, kwaye emva koko uqinisekise.

3.2 Ukusombulula ingxaki

(1) Iplagi yentlantsi ehamba phezulu nasezantsi ibonakala itsiba: khangela ukuba ivalve yokukhulula ilungelelaniswe kolona xinzelelo lufanelekileyo;khangela ukuba indlela yeoli yokukhupha umoya;khangela ukuba kukho ukukhuhlana kanzima kumacala omabini ekholomu uviwo;

(2) Amandla angalinganiyo: khangela ukuba umgangatho womkhosi awulungelelaniswanga, kwaye ulungise ukuba kunjalo;ukuba kukho ukungqubuzana komatshini, khangela iibhloko zesikhokelo kumacala omabini ekholomu;Jonga ukusilela kwesixhobo.