Izindlela zokuhlola ezijwayelekile zomshini wokuhlola i-hongjin tensile

Embonini yesimanje, imishini yokuhlola impahla isetshenziswe kabanzi ku-mechatronics, imboni yezempi, ezokwakha, amaphuzu kanye, izimoto, ukwakha umkhumbi kanye ne-aerospace.Ngokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokulinganisa ukunemba, kuyanda
Umshini wokuhlola izinto ezibonakalayo onokusebenza kwemali, ongasetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezahlukene futhi ungashintshwa ngezidingo ezahlukene.Ukusetshenziswa kwesayensi nokunengqondo komshini wokuhlola izinto kungafeza ukunciphisa izindleko, ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo, ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, impahla
Ukongiwa kwezinto kanye nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zobunjiniyela kubaluleke kakhulu embonini yesimanje.

1. Ungakhetha kanjani umshini wokuhlola

Ekukhetheni umshini wokuhlola oqinile
Ekuqaleni, izinga lamandla okuhlola kanye nezici zephrojekthi kufanele zisetshenziswe njengesisekelo sokukhetha.I-ejensi ehlola ikhwalithi yokwakha yobunjiniyela kufanele isebenzise iphrojekthi yokuhlola njengesithenjwa, futhi kufanele futhi icabangele isilinganiso sobubanzi obuhambisanayo.
Uma udinga ukukhetha umshini wokuhlola ingcindezi yebhulokhi elijwayelekile lokuhlola likakhonkolo, udinga ukukhetha umshini wokuhlola oqinile ukuze uhlole amandla aqinile webha yensimbi, udinga ukukhetha umshini wokuhlola ogobayo ukuze uhlole ikhono lokuphuka lensimbi. tile floor.
Uma udinga ukuhlola okuqukethwe okwengeziwe nezinto, kufanele ukhethe umshini wokuhlola oqinile onemisebenzi eminingi.Isibonelo, udinga ukusebenzisa umshini wokuhlola ukuqina kwe-universal for flexural, compressive, and tensile testing.

Okwesibili, kuyadingeka ukuqonda ngokugcwele uhlelo olufanele lokudlulisela inani lamandla.Uma ingahambisani nendawo yokufaka kanye nohlobo lwamandla e-dynamometer, noma imininingwane yomshini okhethiwe wokuhlola i-tensile ingahlangabezani namazinga afanele kazwelonke, kusetshenziswa umshini wokuhlola i-tensile.Kuzoba nezinga elithile lobunzima ekuqinisekisweni kwe-metrological, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuqonda uhlelo olufanele lokudlulisela inani lamandla.

Okokugcina, kuyadingeka ukuqonda indlela yamandla okuhlola yomshini wokuhlola oqinile.Njengethuluzi lomthamo, umshini wokuhlola i-tensile kufanele uhlangabezane namazinga afanele kazwelonke.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abasebenzi kufanele baqonde indlela yamandla okususa iphutha.
Ngemva kokufunda komunye nomunye kanye nendlela yamandla eyethulwa umenzi ukubamba indlela yamandla yomshini wokuhlola ofanele.Ngamafuphi, lapho ukhetha umshini wokuhlola oqinile, kufanele uqonde indlela yawo yamandla okulungisa iphutha kanye nendlela yokwamukela ukuqinisekiswa ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe isivumelwano.

2 Izidingo zokuhlola zemishini yokuhlola eqinile esetshenziswa ngokuvamile

2.1 Izimfuneko zezinga lokushisa le-ambient kanye nomswakama

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, umshini wokuhlola izinto ezibonakalayo udinga ukusebenza endaweni yegumbi lokushisa elingu-10-35 ℃, kuyilapho uqinisekisa ukuthi umswakama ohlobene awukho mkhulu kuno-80% futhi ukuguquka kwezinga lokushisa akungaphezu kuka-2 ℃/h.

2.2 Izidingo zemishini yokuvikela ukuphepha

Idizayini kagesi yomshini wokuhlola i-tensile kufanele iqinisekise ukuthi akukho mkhuba wokuvuza futhi inokusebenza okuhlukahlukene okuphephile nokuthembekile.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umshini wokuhlola oqinile onamadivayisi okuphepha azwelayo futhi anokwethenjelwa kufanele kukhethwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi unokushintsha okusheshayo komkhawulo wokuphendula.
Uma ama-chuck ahambayo aphezulu naphansi avela endaweni elinganiselwe, noma amandla okuhlola edlula amandla okuhlola aphezulu, idivayisi yokufaka kufanele isabele ngokushesha ukuze ifinyelele ukuvala shaqa okuzenzakalelayo.

2.3 Izidingo zezinga lokufakwa

Kumele kusekelwe esisekelweni esizinzile somshini oqinile
Ukufakwa, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinga lokufaka alidluli ku-2mm/m.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka ukugcina isikhala esingekho ngaphansi kuka-0.7 cm eduze komshini wokuhlola oqinile, futhi akumele kube khona ukuphazamiseka kwenkundla kazibuthe kagesi okuqinile futhi kungabikho ukudlidliza nxazonke.
Sebenza endaweni yokusebenza enemidiya eguquguqukayo, eyomile, ehlanzekile nengagqwali, futhi ulawule amandla kagesi ngaphakathi ku-±10% wevolthi elinganiselwe.

2.4 Izidingo ezihlobene zohlelo lokuhlola

Umsebenzi wokulungisa amaphuzu angu-zero wesistimu yokuhlola amandla omshini wokuhlola impahla enomsebenzi we-zeroing noma we-zeroing kumele usetshenziswe.Lapho amandla okuhlola akalwa, iphuzu le-zero kufanele liboniswe, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, umsebenzi ngamunye wokugcina ukuphakama kufanele wenziwe.
Ngesikhathi sesilinganiso sokuguga, umsebenzi wokuhlonza isiqondiso samandla okuguquka, umsebenzi wokulondoloza inani lokuguquguquka okuphezulu kanye nomsebenzi wokulungisa amaphuzu ayiziro kufanele kunikelwe.Lapho ukudayela okuhlukile kwamandla okuhlola kushintshaniswa, umshini wokuhlola kufanele ususwe.

2.5 isistimu yokushisa ngemuva

Ingcindezi esetshenziswa kuphethini kufanele ikhonjiswe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi futhi ngokuqhubekayo kusistimu yokulinganisa amandla omshini wokuhlola izinto.Inkomba yamandla kufanele iqhubeke, izinze futhi ingabi nokuzamazama lapho amandla okuhlola esuswa noma esetshenziswa.
Isimo somthelela, ukugwema ukugxuma okungavamile kanye nokuma.Inani eliphakeme lamandla okuhlola ngaphambi kokuba isampula liphulwe noma lisuswe kufanele ligcinwe ngokunembile noma liyalwe ukuvimbela ukuvuza kukawoyela nokuvuza kukawoyela oketshezini emshinini wokuhlola oqinile.
Enqubweni yokwengeza ngokuqhubekayo amandla athile okuhlola emshinini wokuhlola ukuminyanisa, umshini wokuhlola oqinile akumele ubonise isimo se-jitter noma ukuma kokusebenza kwesikhombisi.Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inaliti esebenzayo kanye nenaliti eshayelwayo inesimo esiqondane, ububanzi bethiphu yesikhombi kufanele busondele.
Ububanzi bomugqa oqoshiwe, i-pointer kumele futhi ilinganise netafula lokudayela.Phakathi nenqubo yokuphakamisa, kuyadingeka ukuvimbela noma yikuphi ukuvinjelwa kwe-Zhuang force pendulum.Lapho amandla okuhlola ehla kakhulu, isigcinalwazi sidinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-pendulum ingakwazi ukubuya Bushelelezi
Buyela, ukuze ukubuyisela ku-zero we-pointer kungathinteki.

3. Izindlela zokuthola umshini wokuhlola oqinile ezisetshenziswa ngokuvamile kanye nezindlela zokuxazulula inkinga

3.1 Indlela yamandla okubona

(1) Hlola amazinga e-longitudinal ne-lateral omzimba oyinhloko: amaleveli e-longitudinal ne-lateral esakhiwo sokulinganisa amandla somshini wokuhlola okuqinile kufanele sihlolwe ukuze sihambisane namazinga nemithethonqubo efanele;

(2)
Ukulungiswa kwe-Zero kwevelu ye-tensile force: phakathi kokuqaliswa kokuqinisekisa, isimo sokuqala somshini wokuhlola i-tensile sidinga ukusethwa kahle, futhi izinyathelo ezilandelayo zingathathwa ukwenza ukulungiswa kwe-zero komshini wokuhlola i-hydraulic: ① i ukusetshenziswa kwe-thallium elinganiselayo ku-A hammer
Yenza ukulungiswa kwe-zero kuhulumeni;② Sebenzisa induku yokuzenzisa ukuze wenze ukulungisa uziro lapho wengeza isando esingu-C;③ Sebenzisa ibhalansi ye-thallium ukuze wenze ukulungisa uziro lapho ususa isando esingu-C;④ Phinda umsebenzi izikhathi ezintathu kuya kwezine usebenzisa izinyathelo ezintathu ezingenhla kuze kube yilapho isando esingu-B siyalayisha futhi siyathulula.
Kuze kube iphoyinti elinguziro lihlala lingashintshiwe;

(3) Hlola imikhawulo yokuhamba engaphezulu nephansi: beka imikhawulo yokuhamba engaphezulu nephansi ngokusekelwe ebangeni eliqinisekisiwe kanye nemithethonqubo kazwelonke efanele yamathuluzi okuvikela ukuphepha;

(4) Hlola isigcinalwazi: kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi isigcinalwazi singaphakanyiswa ngokujwayelekile, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, isenzakalo sokuwa kufanele sigwenywe;

(5) Hlola inani lomshini lokuhlolwa kwe-tensile: ① Hlola ukuthi isitifiketi se-dynamometer sivumelekile yini;② Faka i-dynamometer ukuze uyigcine isesimweni sokusebenza;③ Sebenzisa indlela evamile yokulungisa uziro ye-dynamometer kanye nomshini wokuhlola we-Tensile ukuze icutshungulwe;④ Ngemva kokulayisha okugcwele, cindezela kuqala kathathu ukuze uthole i-dynamometer, bese uyaqinisekisa.

3.2 Ukuxazulula izinkinga

(1) Ipulaki yenhlansi ehamba phezulu naphansi ibonakala igxuma: hlola ukuthi i-valve yokukhulula ilungiselwe ukucindezela okufanele;hlola ukuthi ngabe indlela kawoyela yokukhipha umoya;hlola ukuthi kukhona yini ukungqubuzana okuqinile ezinhlangothini zombili zekholomu ukuhlolwa;

(2) Amandla angalinganiseli: hlola ukuthi izinga likasokhaya aliqondani kahle yini, futhi ulilungise uma linjalo;uma kukhona ukungqubuzana kwemishini, hlola amabhlogo womhlahlandlela ezinhlangothini zombili zekholomu;Hlola ukwehluleka kwezinsimbi.